Jason S. Howell   Student Projects In My Courses  

   
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College of Charleston

School of Sciences & Mathematics

Department of Mathematics

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I often require students to complete projects in my math courses.  There are many benefits to doing this, including:
  • Introducing students to the idea of performing research on a mathematical topic.
  • Improving students' technical communication skills, including technical document preparation, and composing and delivering presentations.
  • Alerting students to some of the many applications of mathematics in the real world.
  • In some courses, getting students to work together as part of a group.
I try to use student projects as a teaching opportunity on multiple levels.  I usually announce the project and outline the requirements early in the semester, often on the first day of class.  Usually the student(s) are allowed to choose the topic of their project, with my approval and assistance if needed.  I then establish milestones for the students to accomplish throughout the semester, giving them short-term tasks while keeping their attention focused on the long-term goal of completing the project.  An example of this is to require the students to give me a short summary of their progress about midway through the semester.  If a written report is to be turned in as part of the project, I will often require the students to give me a draft to review and provide comments and suggestions.  I thoroughly enjoy working with students on projects and am usually impressed with how well the students do.

Some examples of courses and projects:

Numerical Methods (Fall 2007): In this junior-level course, students were to form groups of at most 5 persons and complete a project that discussed how numerical methods are used for research on a problem they find interesting (see full project description).  The groups were to produce a technical document describing the problem and to give a presentation on the problem to the rest of class.  Selected projects are listed below:
  • Bridge Flutter Analysis by D. Frank, D. Kammer, and F. Ding.  
    This project is concerned with approximating flutter in cable-stayed bridges. It focuses on two numerical methods to approximate the critical wind velocity needed to create the flutter phenomenon in a bridge. It discusses the methods in detail, and then gives an example that shows the accuracy of the two methods.    
  • Applications of Monte Carlo Methods in Portfolio Analysis by M. Albrecht, J. Combes-Knoke, and M. Seminatore.
    Monte Carlo numerical methods are used extensively in areas such as pricing American derivative securities, they are also incorporated to calculate the efficient frontier of an investment portfolio as well as providing insight into investment portfolios. Other usages include the calculation of Value at Risk (VaR) as a relevant risk measure and net present value of projects.
  • Satellite Launch and Alignment into Orbit by R. Chatterjee, V. Devaraj, F. Pineda, and J. Shoemaker.
    This project focuses on the two major aspects of space exploration: satellite launch and satellite placement into orbit. The delicate nature of these calculations necessitates numerical methods and computer calculations. The margin of error is very small, so slight errors in cancelation, among other potential pitfalls, could derail the entire launch process. The same factors apply to placing a satellite into proper orbit. Ultimately, accuracy in both launch and alignment are crucial to satellite implementation.
  • Centroidal Voronoi Tessellations by E. Allen, Z. Girouard, P. Goswami, and B. Leary
    A centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT) is a partitioning of points based on minimizing distances relative to centers of mass. This paper will study three numerical methods involved in computing CVT’s. The first goal is to discuss the different applications of CVT’s, ranging from animal territories to optimal placement of resources.  The second goal is to analyze our methods of generating CVT’s. Lloyd’s method is a deterministic method while MacQueen’s method is probabilistic. We want to look at when they converge, how quickly they converge, and pros and cons of each. We will talk about how these numerical methods are utilized in finding CVT’s. Finally, we will look at the effectiveness of using a non-Euclidean method to compute anisotropic CVT’s.
  • Numerical Modeling of a Parasite-Symbiont-Host Model by N. Komarov and M. Nemaric
    This project presents a new population model to describe the interactions of a host, parasite, and symbiont. From the equilibrium criteria, we derive restrictions on the constants in the model, and discuss certain aspects of the resulting equilibria. We then model this interaction numerically, using the forward Euler, or tangent line method, and use these approximations to discuss the implications of some of the equilibria. Finally, we discuss some possible expansions of this model.
  • Numerical Weather Prediction by R. Barrett and E. Tucker
    This project has several focuses with the intent of surveying the development of numerical weather prediction over the past century. First, it examines the early days of weather prediction and the work of Lewis Fry Richardson, one of the pioneers in the field. In this segment of the report, some of the first techniques are studied and the reasons for their failure are explained. After this, we move on to look at the role supercomputers played in the continuing advancement of this field. Two numerical methods techniques for solving relevant equations, the Finite Difference Method and the Spectral Method, are also explained. In the final portion of this report, a more in-depth look at one of the current and most advanced numerical weather prediction systems is provided. The HIRLAM technique employs these two methods to divide weather forecasting into physics and dynamics.
  • Financial Simulations and Variance Reduction by A. Dabholkar, V. Hidayat, F. Ho, D. Levin, and J. Qi
    Valuation of American options is one of the more difficult problems in option-pricing theory.  American options are heavily used in many financial markets, but pricing remains challenging.  Unlike European options, which can only be exercised at expiration, American options can be exercised at any point during the lifetime of the option. There exist explicit formulas to price European options (e.g. Black-Scholes-Merton), but no such formulas exist for American options due to their more complex nature. Instead numerical methods are generally used.
  • Spectral Methods for Burger's Equation by J. Rothenberg and G. Peim 
    Burger's Equation can be solved numerically using several different spectral methods. These methods are efficient to calculate approximate solutions to
    Burger's Equation. Burger's equation is a good simplification of Navier-Stokes Equation when the velocity is in one spacial dimension and the net force acts
    in one direction. Burger's Equation is used to analyze traffic congestion and acoustics. We discuss the background of the equation, analytical solution, and
    the Galerkin and Collocation spectral approximations.
  • Artificial Neural Network Machine Learning Through Numerical Optimization by J. Dunn and X. Li
    An antificial neural network (ANN) consists of a group of interconnected simple processing elements, known as artificial neurons, which provide a robust approach to approximating vector-valued functions. For many types of machine learning applications, such as handwriting recognition and facial recognition, ANNs are among the most accurate learning methods in existence.
  • B-Spline Interpolation and Its Scientific Applications by A. Bakelmun, A. Charnas, G. Domville, and R. Lazrus
    B-spline interpolation is a method commonly used to approximate three-dimensional curves in space. The method estimates the curve by substituting finite, known, data points into approximate equations. The accuracy to which the interpolation can estimate a curve varies greatly depending on the field of study, the type of curves to be approximated, and the equations and data points chosen for the calculations. B-spline interpolation is applied to various fields of study such as medicine, meteorology, and chemistry.


Mathematical Studies II (Spring 2009): In this lecture course, designed for advanced sophmores, the topics covered include vector spaces and some linear analysis.  At the end of the semester, students (in groups of one or two) gave a brief presentation that summarized key ideas and results that we covered during the semester.  Topics presented included:  
  • Infinite vs. Finite Dimensional Vector Spaces
  • Approximating Solutions of Linear Systems of Equations
  • Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
  • Self-Adjointness and Positivity
  • Bilinear and Alternating Forms
  • Orthogonality
  • Canonical Forms
  • Classical Inequalities and Their Proofs

Finite Element Methods (Fall 2009): In this graduate course, students will apply the finite element method to a problem that they find interesting.  The application of the finite element method to their problem will usually require working through existence, unidueness, and error estimate proof, as well as adapting existing finite element code to the problem.  They will write a technical report on their project (in the style of a research journal article) and give a presentation to the rest of class.  

This project offers the potential to produce articles that can be published in student research journals, and the small class size allows for the student and instructor to work closely together on the project.  Project milestones include (a) deciding on a topic, (b) writing a brief description of the objectives of the project, (c) composing a draft technical document, and (d) improving the draft, conducting simulations of a problem related to the project, and presenting the results.

Contact Info: Jason S Howell; 
Department of Mathematics;
College of Charleston; 66 George Street; Charleston, SC 29424;
843-953-1016 (office); 843-953-1410 (fax); 

email: howelljs at cofc dot edu

Copyright © 2012 Jason Howell, please send me any questions or comments.